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U.S.-British team finds 'in-the-moment anxiety' plays role in math 'underperformance'

A team of researchers from the United States and the United Kingdom, who set out to study math anxiety and determine how best to help math-anxious people, found that not all math-anxiety underperformance is alike, and remedial methods to increase math proficiency have to take the differences into account to better help the math-anxious.

International team maps 'rugged' fitness landscape of antibiotic resistance in E. coli

In a recent paper, an international group of scientists presented experimental data on E. coli genes, examining how the theory of a fitness landscape model corresponds to the reality of a rugged landscape, one with many peaks and valleys.

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Italian scientist proposes new model of evolution based on epigenetics

The modern dynthesis view that random genetic mutations and natural selection drive evolution has predominated in science for almost a century. More recently, experimental evidence, made possible by advanced technological methods, is challenging this view.

Wayne State professor issues call to action for new approach to clinical cytogenetics, which play a 'vital role'

Clinical cytogenetics looks at the relationship of human disease and chromosomes, the long DNA molecules that contain an organism's genetic material. Historically, cytogenetics enabled the identification of the abnormal chromosomes responsible for Down syndrome and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, among other discoveries.

U.S., Swedish scientists examine differences in amino acid evolution

An international group of scientists has tested the nearly neutral theory of evolution, proposed in 1973 by Japanese geneticist Tomoko Ohta. He predicted that natural selection will have a different evolutionary effect on species depending on the organism's population size.

U. of Virginia study: Archaeal horizontal gene transfer similar to that of bacteria

Horizontal gene transfer is the movement of genetic material by means other than the transmission of DNA from parent to offspring. It can occur in both single and multicelled organisms, but has been most closely studied in bacteria, where there are three known ways that it can occur, transformation, conjugation and transduction.

International study of Danes sheds new light on heritable factors in disease multi-morbidities

More precise information about the roles genetics and environment play in determining disease is essential for better understanding and treating both common ailments and killer diseases.

Chengdu University of Technology team dates China's oldest dinosaur tracks

Scientists have dated dinosaur tracks in China's Sichuan Basin to 218.4 million years ago, making them the oldest known in China.

South African cosmologist shows single wave function can't explain observable universe

Can a complex nonlinear world arise from a single universal wave function? This is the question asked by mathematician George F. Ellis, and his answer is "no."

Weizmann Institute scientists use machine learning to design new enzymes

Designing new enzymes to optimize their features for performing roles in research, biology and biomedicine has outstanding promise for advancing scientific capabilities.

Blue Marble Space Institute cosmologist examines multiverse hypothesis

Science fiction writes about and postulates alternative universes to ours, but these are fictional scenarios.

University of Utah professor heads international team exploring how to avoid transgene silencing

A key problem for mammalian biotechnology research is that transgenes, genes transferred from one organism to cells in the genome of another, can degrade over time, thus decreasing the transgene's effectiveness.

Denis Noble upholds philosopher Kathy Wilkes' support for dissident academics

British philosopher Kathy Wilkes is one of those unsung academic heroes who quietly changed many lives and deserves to be better known.

Hungarian scientist Ádám Kun argues human population continues to evolve

Where the human species is headed and whether humanity is still evolving are tantalizing questions for scientists who study evolution as well as for non-specialists.

Scientists find unique fossil of turtle on Danish island thought to be in transition from land to sea

In evolutionary terms what happens when a terrestrial organism adapts to a marine environment? The recent discovery of a unique fossil turtle provides an unusual example of one such organism in transition from land to sea.

Spanish researchers probe role of protein RBP33 in trypanosome parasite

Understanding the mechanism of microscopic parasites that can sicken and kill humans and animals is essential for controlling their spread.

British professor calls ankle-foot complex 'a masterpiece of engineering'

Five-hundred years ago, the great artist and engineer Leonardo da Vinci wrote, "The foot is a masterpiece of engineering and a work of art."

French, Israeli researchers explore chemical origin of biological cognition

How human beings developed the capacity for cognition has been a scientific topic of speculation for centuries.

Wisconsin, Minnesota professors use rats to quantify link between chronic alcohol exposure, pathways related to Alzheimer's

Chronic excessive alcohol use is connected to an increase in the risk of cognitive decline and dementia, but how exactly does this occur?

Israeli study identifies country of origin with genetic variants in Familial Mediterranean fever

Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is the most common hereditary autoinflammatory disease, mostly affecting people of Middle Eastern or Mediterranean origin.