A report by Dr. Adrian Bejan, a J. A. Jones Distinguished Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Duke University, claimed that evolution, characterized by dynamic flow configurations over time, challenges established doctrines. This is exemplified in human settlement access and animal locomotion, showing that a 1% imperfection provides substantial freedom for attaining optimal designs.
Researchers recently demonstrated that CrCoNi-based high-entropy alloys shows exceptional hardening and toughness under extreme strain rates, offering promising applications in challenging environments. The study, by Dr. Shiteng Zhao, Dr. Sheng Yinon and several others, was published on May 5, 2023.
Researchers introduced methods for analyzing genetic variants in human blood and immune cells, leading to insights in leukemia immunotherapy and the understanding of diverse diseases related to hematopoiesis. The study by Jorge Martin-Rufino, Nicole Castano, Vijay Sankaran, and many others was published on May 25th, 2023.
Researchers investigated how the gut microbiome and metabolic indicators in individuals with pre-diabetes are affected by different diets. The study by Orly Ben-Yacov, Anastasia Godneva, Michal Rein, and several others was published online on July 6.
Researchers looked into the structure and functionality of the abundant gut virus ΦcrAss001, studying its role in the human microbiome. The study by Oliver Bayfield, Andrey Shkoporov and several others was published on May 3.
Researchers studied the accumulation of somatic mutations, due to genome repair and replication errors, their role in aging, and strategies to manage these mutations. The study was published on April 28 and was authored by Jan Vijg, Björn Schumacher, Abdulkadir Abakir, and several others.
Researchers examined the role of wearable and digital health technologies in identifying, diagnosing, and tailoring treatments for cardiometabolic diseases through continuous health monitoring. The study by Ayya Keshet, Lee Reicher, Noam Bar, and Eran Segal was published on April 26, 2023.
Researchers uncover a previously unknown self-repair mechanism in RNA for fixing ultraviolet-induced damage, a capability that was thought to exist only in DNA, offering new insights into RNA's role in cellular repair and early life evolution. The study was authored by Sarah J. Crucilla, Dian Ding and several others.
Researchers detailed a method for tracing the mutation-driven evolution of protein binding pairs, showing that a few key changes can lead to significant functional shifts guided by positive selection. The study by Ziv Avizemer, Carlos Martí‐Gómez and three others was published on April 20.
Researchers discover a new group of DNA viruses in the ocean that shares traits with herpesviruses and giant viruses, highlighting their potential impact on marine life and virus evolution. The study by Morgan Gaïa, Lingjie Meng and several others was published on April 19.
Researchers concluded that cell lifespans under stress are dictated more by random damage than by starting conditions, with chance playing a diminishing role as cells age. The study by Yifan Yang, Omer Karin, Uri Alon and several others was published on April 18.
Research scientist and software engineer Winston Ewert recently discussed how a new tool he helped to develop could potentially solve many of the existing problems with discordant phylogenies. AminoGraph uses a software engineering approach to compare amino acid sequences of proteins to determine genetic relatedness and evolutionary connections between different species.
Researchers used the Remote Associates Test (RAT) to study automatic mental associations and strategic thinking. The study by Jose A. Diaz, Steven M. Nelson, A. Alexander Beaujean and two others was published on April 18.
Research delving into the lipid-based GARD model to investigate the rare yet dynamic nature of self-reproducing states suggests an enhanced likelihood for the spontaneous emergence of early life. The study was authored by Amit Kahana, Lior Segev, and Doron Lancet.
Researchers recently uncovered how various marine reptiles, thriving post-Permian extinction, gradually developed advanced swimming techniques, culminating in diverse and specialized movement forms during the Cretaceous period. The study was authored by Benjamin C. Moon, Susana Gutarra, Thomas L. Stubbs, Beatrice H. Heighton, and Michael J. Benton.
Graves' disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis, while causing hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, respectively, may originate from the same process where the immune system eliminates mutant cells that overproduce hormones, leading to potential autoimmune responses in susceptible individuals, according to a study by Tomer Milo, Uri Alon and two others.
Scientists have been working to identify all human genes since the initial genome draft in 2001. While progress has been made in identifying protein-coding genes (now fewer than 20,000), there has been a surge in reported non-coding RNA genes.
Researchers have uncovered a new type of bacteria in the mouths of bottlenose dolphins, showcasing the uncharted microbial diversity and underscoring the importance of combined genetic and visual analyses. The study by Natasha Dudek, Jesus Galaz-Montoya and several others was published on April 13.
Luke Farritor, a 21-year-old computer-science student from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, has made a breakthrough in deciphering the contents of ancient scrolls from the Roman city of Herculaneum using artificial intelligence (AI). Farritor developed a machine-learning algorithm that was able to read the text on a carbonized scroll, which opens up the possibility of unlocking hundreds of texts from the only intact library from Greco-Roman antiquity.
An inshore hagfish genome study highlights two pivotal genome duplications in early vertebrates, with major morphological evolution following the second event. The study by Juan Pascual-Anaya, Daqi Yu and many others was published on April 10.